This book is intended for language teachers and learners of the 21st century. The unique feature of the book is the investigation of the beliefs about language learning of students from two totally different worlds and backgrounds; the western world and the eastern, post communist world, as well as their teachers' beliefs. The student beliefs investigated in the study give a deeper understanding of what the various views of these two types of learners are, where they have come from, and how they can be adjusted in one classroom.